Bonding or tying device.



No. 809,231. PATENTED JAN. 2, 1906.

W. B. THINES. BONDING 0R TYING DEVICE.A

AYPLIOATION FILED AUG. 29. 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

PatentedJ'an. 2, 1906.

Application filed August 29, 1904. Serial No. 222,619.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. THINEs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Trenton, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, .have invented new and useful Improvements in Bonding or Tying Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to Awall or building ties for the purpose of securely holding or bonding brick, stone, and other walls together, and serves to materially increase the strength and durability of walls by preventing sagging, cracking, or inward bulging by instituting a homogeneity of a wall in excess of that ordinarily resulting from the usual structural conditions.

The proposed tie is preferably made of three or more wires so twisted together as to be firmly interlocked, and the enlarged parts produced by the twists will form securing means or keys and insure a strong or iirm hold in the cement or mortar by reason of the increase in size of the tie or bonding device at the twisted portions. The intersecting twisted portions of the tie or bonding device throughout the length of the latter conjunctively operate when disposed in a wall to secure the entire length ofthe bonding element embodying the features of the invention. By utilizing three or more wires in the construction of the tie or bonding device the latter will act as a binding or securing means in all directions and is practically a continuous tie in other respects. In the length of the wall the united wires act as a longitudinal holding or securing means, and the cross-wires connect or tie the different courses of brick or stone together. By arranging the wires in longitudinal and transverse directions every brick or stone is connected in two directions in contradistinction to devices which have been used and operate only with every other one or more bricks or stone. It is proposed to use wire having such gage as to insure the greatest tensile strength, as well as maximum transverse strain resistance, without interfering with the usual cement or mortar gage or space between courses of brick and stone, as now commonly adopted. Furthermore, the improved tie or bonding'device is adapted for use with walls containing two or more courses or with a hollow wall, the bonding device in the latter instance spanning or extending across the space between the inner and outer walls. Owing to the iiexibility of the bonding device embodying the features of the invention, it can be very conveniently and eiiiciently used in arch constructions and is y extremely advantageous in preventing cracks or spreading at the corners of buildings. It is also proposed to make the bonding device or tie in any width to accommodate the thickness of the wall with which it is used, and as many of the bonding devices may be employed in a single wall as found desirable and necessary to arrive at the best results under certain special structural conditions.

As will be presently set forth, a number of modifications can be adopted in the arrangement of the wires or elements composing the bonding device, and by illustrating variations or modifications in the construction ity will be understood that it is intended to include all changes that come within the purview ofthe invention.

In the drawings, Figure l is a top planview of a two-course wall, showing the improved tie or bonding device in simplified form applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a slight modiiication in the bonding or tie device. Fig. 3 is a similar view illustrating a three-course wall and showing a further-modified form of the bonding or tie device applicable thereto. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the bonding or tie device applied to a hollow wall. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a still further modification in the form ofthe bonding or tie device. Fig. 6 is a still further modification in the form of the bonding or tying device.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts in the several views. Y

In its simplest form the invention embodies two marginal longitudinal strands l, as shown by Figs. l and 4, connected at regular intervals by a cross-stay 2, consisting of a single strand of wire alternately twisted, as at 3,

around the marginal strands and forming regular transverse connecting means. By bending the cross-stay in the Inanner set forth a series of alternate rectangular members are formed, as shown, which Inay be varied in the distance between the same in a longitudinal direction and in accordance with the structural conditions of the wall to which the complete device is applied. As shown in Fig. 1, the bonding device or tie is applied to a two-course wall 4 and so arranged that the cross-stay will effectively engage all the bricks or stone members in the most ad- IOO IIO

vantageous manner to effect the result sought. In Fig. 4 a hollow wall 5 is illustrated, and the members of the cross-stay are transversely lengthened to bridge the space 6 between the outer and inner portions of the wall. The bonding or tying device in this instance prevents bulging of the outer and inner portions of the waIl and permits one part of the wall, for instance, to be formedof two courses of brick or stone and the other portion of the wall to be practically applied separately and comprise but a single course of brick or stone. The hollow wall, as shown by Fig. 4, or of any other course construction is materially strengthened and reinforced by the introduction of the bonding or tying device, and one part of the wall is caused to sustain the other.

In Fig. 2 a construction of bonding or tying device is shown similar to that illustrated by Figs. 1 and 4, with the exception that double marginal strands 7 are used and have the `engaging portions of the cross-stay intertwisted therewith or therearound, the purpose being to increase the strength of the bonding or tying device in a longitudinal direction. This double-marginal-strand construction may be used either with a wall containing any number of courses or with a hollow wall, as shown by Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 shows a still further modification, wherein marginal and longitudinal strands 8 and an intermediate similar strand 9 are employed and connected by a single cross staywire 10, twisted around the marginal strands 8 at regular intervals and also at two points, as at 11, around the intermediate strand Q in the formation of each member of the crossstay, the several members between the intermediate longitudinal strand 9 and the one marginal strand 8 being narrower than between the said intermediate strand and the remaining marginal strand. This form of bonding or tying device is shown applied to a three-course wall and illustrates the adaptation of the device to a wall having any number of courses.

Fig. 5 illustrates a still further modification in the form of the device and consists of double-twisted marginal wires 12, between the twists of which straight cross-stays 13 are primarily laid and finally secured by bending the terminals 14 around the said twisted marginal wires. This form of the device may be increased in width and is adapted for use with a wall having any number of courses.

In all forms of the bonding or tying device illustrated the twists of the crossstay, whether in a single strand or in the form Shown by Fig. 5, institute a locking means which will resist longitudinal drag or displacement of the bonding device when applied between courses of brick or stone, the said twists acting as keys after they become embedded in the mortar or cement. It is also intended to use wire in the construction of the bonding device having such gage that the usual space between courses of brick or stone will not be modified, as heretofore noted; but it will be understood that in special construction or where the mortar or cement space is increased or decreased the gage of the wire utilized in the construction of the bonding device may be proportionately varied.

Owing to the flexibility of the bonding or tying device or the capability of causing the same to conform to any contour against which it may be applied, it yis specially well adapted for application over arches either of regular or irregular arcuate form or over angular arches, and, further, a number of arches may be connected by the device and the one sustained by the resistance of the other, and the general arch construction thus rendered more strong and durable. A further advantage in the use of the bonding or tying device herein disclosed is that either brick or stone within the wall structure to which it is applied is engaged by a portion of the crossstay, and, as clearly shown by Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the constituents of the wall when the bonding device is properly laid will each be in contact with several portions of the crosssta From the foregoing it will be understood that the bonding or tying device will be laid on the courses after the cement or mortar has been applied thereto for disposing a further course thereon, or the improved device may be first placed in position and the mortar or cement subsequently filled in thereover, and by this means it will be seen that the transversely-eXtending members of the stay-wire or of the transverse stays (shown by Fig. 5) will become embedded in the cement, and, owing to the continuity of the bonding device a firm and reliable means will be provided to prevent movement of the device either longitudinally or transversely.

Other variations of the bonding device may suggest themselves, and other uses may become apparent; but it is intended by the showing of the modifications herein noted to vary the form or configuration of the several parts without departing from the scope of the invention; but in all instances the salient feature will be incorporated in further constructions, and consists in a bonding or tying device made of three or more wires so connected or twisted together as to institute both a longitudinal and transverse connecting medium or, in other words, a bonding and tying device having a securing function in all directions.

In Fig. 6 a still further modification is illustrated, and consists in applying the bonding or tying device to a composite wall or one embodying a partial brick or stone structure IIO ISO

work or members of the frame.

and an inner Wood framing, the bonding or tying device being secured to the frame by staples 15, which are secured over the longitudinal strands and driven into the Wood- It will also be understood that the bonding and tying device is not limited in its application to brick- Work, but may be used to perform its function in connection with stone walls or walls [o composed of other elements.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed as new isl. In a bonding or tying device of the class set forth, the combination of two or more longitudinal strands arranged in parallel relation, and a single-strand cross-stay means alternately secured to the longitudinal strands at spaced intervals by a plurality of twists,A

the single-strand cross-stay having members zo bent in planes at right angles to and within the confines of the longitudinal strands, and the interlocking twists being formed both in the U-shaped bends of the cross-stay and in the longitudinal strands, the said single crossstay having its parts in planes at right angles courses of brick or stone therein, of a bonding or tying device therefor consisting of two or more longitudinal strands arranged in parallel relation, and a single-strand cross-stay having U-shaped members continuous with each other and alternately secured to the longitudinal strands by a plurality of twists, the said single-strand cross-stay having its parts in planes at right angles to the longitudinal strands and spaced regularly throughout the whole length ofthe tying device, the longitudinal strands and the cross-stay membersbeing spaced such distances that the longitudinal strands disposed within the opposite side margins of the wall engage the intermediate portions of the courses and the single-strand v cross-stay at regular intervals pass over the courses between the joints ofthe constituents thereof.

3. The combination with a wall, having courses of brick or stone included therein, of a bonding or tying means therefor consisting of longitudinal and transversely extending strands having U-shaped members continuous with each other and the bends disposed in reverse positions and engaging all the brick or stone, the transversely-extending strands being in planes at right angles to the longitudinal strands and spanning the longitudinal joints between the courses and also intersecting the transverse joints, and the longitudinal strands extending intermediately over the brick or stone elements and crossing the transverse joints thereof in planes at right angles.

'4. The combination with a wall, having courses of brick or stone, of a bond or tie having outer marginal longitudinally-extending strands, and an intermediate longitudinal strand parallel with the outer ones, and transversely disposed strands having reversely-positioned U-shaped bends continuous with each other and alternately connected to the outer longitudinal strands and the intermediate longitudinal strands by twists' and arranged in regular spaced parallel relation throughout the whole length of the bond or tie. 5. A bonding or tying device for the purpose set forth, having outer marginal longitudinally-extending strands, and an intermediate longitudinal strand parallel with the other ones, and a single-strand cross-stay having U-shaped members continuous with each other and alternately secured to the outer longitudinal strands and the inner or intermediate strands by a plurality of twists extending lengthwise of and formed both in the longitudinal strands and the bends of the said members and regularly spacing the crossstay, the latter having its cross parts at planes at right angles to the longitudinal strands.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witl'leSSeS.

WILLIAM B. THINES.

Witnesses:

ELLIs L. PIERsoN, ROBERT S. BEATTY. 

